Поняття одиничності у мовному мисленні

Баркарь, У. (U. Barkar) (2015) Поняття одиничності у мовному мисленні. Наукові записки Національного університету “Острозька академія”. Серія «Філологічна» (Вип.51). pp. 18-21.

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Abstract

У статті розглядається одиничність як когнітивна та мовна категорія по відношенню до категорій ціле / частина. Описується співвідношення граматичних категорій множини та однини та випадки їх взаємних переходів. Одним із втілень явища цілісної множинності у сучасних мовах у статті називаються збірні іменники. Також подається символічна, типологічна, семантична та етимологічна характеристика числівника ʻодин. (The article discusses the uniqueness of both cognitive and linguistic categories in relation to the categories of whole / part. It is alleged that the plural existed in the ancient period as a complete unit. In this regard, correlations of grammatical categories plural and singular as well as cases of their mutual transitions are described. The author notes that the singular form can transmit a plurality meaning, what speaks about its original syncretism. Knowledge of the world and further development of the ancient man thinking led to the separating from the binary opposition one of its members. It has launched the opposition of ‘whole’ / ‘part’. Collective nouns which combine the properties of general and individual concepts are called in the article one of embodiments of the integral plurality phenomenon in modern languages. Such a collectivity language meaning is inherent in all languages, regardless of their typological differences because it is caused by common properties of human thought. Also a symbolic, typological, semantic and etymological characteristic of the numeral ʻoneʼ is presented. With that attention is paid to the fact that the language thinking puts it in a special place. The number ‘1’ is a reflection of the man as microcosm and its place in the universe. At the same time, the numeral ‘1’ cannot be reduced to a common Indo-European archetype unlike numerals ‘2’ – ‘10’. Counting or calculation of objects starts with ‘two’ or more, while the ‘one’ implies not counting, but the name of the object using its special designation. This explains the difference in the representation of the number ‘one’ in the closely related dialects. The concept of ‘one’ was formed in close connection and through the separation process of a human from the surrounding reality, his awareness of his own ‘I’ as something separate and opposed to all other objects of the external world. This correlates with the concept ‘a part of the whole’ and is reflected in the language.)

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